{
  "source_file": "0930",
  "source_platform": "Medium",
  "author": "Naser Tamimi",
  "title_listed": "Java and Data Engineering",
  "keywords": "",
  "domain": "数据处理",
  "content_type": "深度技术解析",
  "is_paid_flag": "否",
  "url": "https://towardsdatascience.com/java-and-data-engineering-f0e0a145cb52/",
  "publish_date": "2023-11-11",
  "corpus_stage": "",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "700fc4438a41",
  "collected_at": "2026-10-02T05:14:08",
  "title": "Java and Data Engineering | Towards Data Science",
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It also helps in adverstising on the website.\n\n\n  * Cookie\nedgebucket\n  * Duration\nsession\n  * Description\nReddit sets this cookie to save the information about a log-on Reddit user, for the purpose of advertisement recommendations and updating the content.\n\n\n  * Cookie\ndid\n  * Duration\n1 year\n  * Description\nArbor sets this cookie to show targeted ads to site visitors.This cookie expires after 2 months or 1 year.\n\n\nUncategorised\nOther uncategorised cookies are those that are being analysed and have not been classified into a category as yet.\nNo cookies to display.\nReject All Save My Preferences Accept All\nToggle Search[](https://towardsdatascience.com/)Toggle Mobile Navigation\n[](https://towardsdatascience.com/)\nPublish AI, ML & data-science insights to a global community of data professionals.\nSign in[Submit an Article](https://write.insightmediagroup.io)\n[Latest](https://towardsdatascience.com/latest/)[Editor's Picks](https://towardsdatascience.com/tag/editors-pick/)[Newsletter](https://towardsdatascience.com/tag/the-variable/)[ShipAI](https://towardsdatascience.com/shipai/)\n* * *\n[Write For TDS](https://towardsdatascience.com/submissions/)\n[LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/company/towards-data-science/)[X](https://x.com/TDataScience)Toggle Search\n[Programming](https://towardsdatascience.com/category/programming/)\n# Java and Data Engineering\nJava Juggernaut: The key to data engineering mastery\n[Naser Tamimi](https://towardsdatascience.com/author/tamimi-naser/)\nNovember 11, 20235 min read\n### DATA ENGINEERING\n![Photo by Zhen H on Unsplash](../images/000.jpg)\nPhoto by [Zhen H](https://unsplash.com/@zhenh2424?utm_source=medium&utm_medium=referral) on [Unsplash](https://unsplash.com?utm_source=medium&utm_medium=referral)\nLearn this step by step with the interactive [Computer Science](https://roadmap.sh/computer-science) and [Data Engineer](https://roadmap.sh/data-engineer) roadmaps.\n## Data Engineering and Programming Skills\nWhen we think about data engineering, the first programming skills that usually come to mind are SQL and maybe Python. SQL is this well-known language for querying data, deeply ingrained in the world of data and pipelines. Python, on the other hand, has become quite powerful in data science and is now making its mark in the evolving field of data engineering. But, is this common belief accurate? Are SQL and Python really the most important programming skills for Data Engineers? In this article, I'll share my experiences on this topic, aiming to help young professionals figure out the best skills to make the most of their time and energy.\n## Why Java and Scala?\nIn today's data engineering, we handle a massive amount of data. The main job is figuring out how to gather, change, and store this huge load of data every day, hour, or even in real-time. What makes it trickier is making sure different data services can smoothly run on various systems without worrying about what's happening underneath.\nIn the last 15 years, smart folks have come up with distributed computing frameworks to deal with this data overload. Hadoop and Spark are two big names in this game. Because both these frameworks are mainly built using JVM (Java Virtual Machine) languages (Hadoop uses Java, and Spark uses Scala), many data and software experts believe that Java and Scala are the way forward in data engineering.\nMoreover, the ability of JVM applications to be portable makes them an excellent choice for data applications operating across diverse systems and environments. You can develop data pipelines that seamlessly run on various cloud and local setups, allowing you to scale your systems up or down without concerns about the underlying infrastructure.\n## How does a data pipeline look like in a JVM-based applications?\nNow that we've explored the benefits of Java and Scala, or more broadly, JVM-based data applications, in handling big data, the next logical question is: what do these applications, or simply data pipelines, look like? This section aims to provide an overview of the architecture of such applications.\nTo begin, it's essential to develop a data pipeline in Java or Scala. Typically, multiple related data pipelines can coexist within the same Java or Scala project. For effective project management, tools like Apache Maven can be employed. Maven simplifies the creation, management, and building of Java applications, making the process more efficient and reliable.\nIn these projects, a data pipeline often comprises one or more Java or Scala classes. Spark is commonly integrated into these classes for tasks such as reading (or extracting), transforming, and writing (or loading) data. While data can be read from and written to various sources, Hive tables are often the natural choices. Standard transformations are encapsulated in common classes, making them reusable across different pipelines.\nThis code shows a basic data pipeline in Spark Scala.\njava\n\n```\nimport org.apache.spark.sql.{SparkSession, DataFrame}\nimport org.apache.spark.sql.functions._\n\nclass MyExampleDataPipeline {\n\n  val spark: SparkSession = SparkSession.builder\n    .appName(\"DataFrame Transformation Example\")\n    .master(\"local[*]\")\n    .enableHiveSupport()\n    .getOrCreate()\n\n  def main(inputTableName: String, outputTableName: String): Unit = {\n    val inputDataFrame: DataFrame = spark.table(inputTableName)\n\n    val transformedDataFrame: DataFrame = inputDataFrame.SOME_TRANSFORMATIONS\n\n    transformedDataFrame.write.mode(\"overwrite\").format(\"parquet\").saveAsTable(outputTableName)\n  }\n}\n```\n\nUltimately, the goal is to build a Java application typically in the form of a jar file. This jar file, along with appropriate arguments, can be invoked using job and workflow management systems like Apache Airflow. This enables the execution of specific data pipelines at scheduled intervals, contributing to an organized and automated data processing workflow.\nHere's a simple example demonstrating how to execute a data pipeline, represented as a class, from the command line.\nbash\n\n```\nspark-submit --class MyExampleDataPipeline --master local[*] yourJarFile.jar your_input_hive_table_name your_output_hive_table_name\n```\n\n## More advanced practices\nAs previously mentioned, data pipelines, now encapsulated in jar files, typically require scheduled execution, especially for batch processing, or activation based on triggered events, commonly for real-time processing. Apache Airflow serves as a robust solution for orchestrating these jar files and task classes, facilitating the execution of jobs on a regular schedule. Alternatively, jar files can be triggered using tools like AWS Lambda for irregular schedules and real-time processing.\nThis is an example of an Apache Airflow DAG designed to execute a Java class daily.\npython\n\n```\nfrom datetime import datetime, timedelta\nfrom airflow import DAG\nfrom airflow.operators.bash_operator import BashOperator\nfrom airflow.operators.dummy_operator import DummyOperator\n\njar_file_path = \"/path/to/yourJarFile.jar\"\n\ninput_table_name = \"your_input_hive_table_name\"\noutput_table_name = \"your_output_hive_table_name\"\n\ndefault_args = {\n    'owner': 'airflow',\n    'start_date': datetime(2023, 1, 1),\n    'depends_on_past': False,\n    'retries': 1,\n    'retry_delay': timedelta(minutes=5),\n}\n\ndag = DAG(\n    'my_data_pipeline_dag',\n    default_args=default_args,\n    description='DAG to run the MyExampleDataPipeline class',\n    schedule_interval='@daily',  # Adjust the schedule as needed\n)\n\nstart_task = DummyOperator(task_id='start', dag=dag)\nend_task = DummyOperator(task_id='end', dag=dag)\n\nspark_submit_command = f\"spark-submit --class MyExampleDataPipeline --master local[*] {jar_file_path} {input_table_name} {output_table_name}\"\n\nrun_data_pipeline_task = BashOperator(\n    task_id='run_data_pipeline',\n    bash_command=spark_submit_command,\n    dag=dag,\n)\n\nstart_task >> run_data_pipeline_task >> end_task\n```\n\nMoreover, Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) tools, including Jenkins, GitHub Actions, Spinnaker, among others, offer a seamless way to develop and deploy pipelines across various environments from development to testing and production environments. This ensures a smooth and automated transition of pipelines throughout the development lifecycle.\n## At the end ...\nWe explored the evolving landscape of data engineering and the essential programming skills required in this field. While SQL and Python have traditionally been associated with data engineering, the focus is shifting towards Java and Scala, particularly in the context of handling massive amounts of data through distributed computing frameworks like Hadoop and Spark.\nAgain, we emphasized the importance of JVM (Java Virtual Machine) languages due to their portability, making them suitable for developing data applications that seamlessly run across diverse systems and environments. It delves into the architecture of JVM-based data applications, illustrating the development of data pipelines using Java or Scala, with Apache Maven aiding project management.\n## Register Now to Continue Reading\n### Unlock Towards Data Science with a Free Account\nAll articles on Towards Data Science are available to registered users. Create a free account today to access this article and thousands more.\nRegister for freeSign in to your account\n* * *\n![](../images/body-909ce5c2500185af5a85.jpeg)\nWritten By\n## [Naser Tamimi](https://towardsdatascience.com/author/tamimi-naser/)\n[See all from Naser Tamimi](https://towardsdatascience.com/author/tamimi-naser/)\n[Data](https://towardsdatascience.com/tag/data/)[Data Engineering](https://towardsdatascience.com/tag/data-engineering/)[Java](https://towardsdatascience.com/tag/java/)[Programming](https://towardsdatascience.com/tag/programming/)[Technology](https://towardsdatascience.com/tag/technology/)\nShare This Article\n  * [](https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Ftowardsdatascience.com%2Fjava-and-data-engineering-f0e0a145cb52%2F&title=Java%20and%20Data%20Engineering)\n  * [](https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftowardsdatascience.com%2Fjava-and-data-engineering-f0e0a145cb52%2F&title=Java%20and%20Data%20Engineering)\n  * [](https://x.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Ftowardsdatascience.com%2Fjava-and-data-engineering-f0e0a145cb52%2F&text=Java%20and%20Data%20Engineering)\n\n\nTowards Data Science is a community publication. Submit your insights to reach our global audience and earn through the TDS Author Payment Program.\n[Write for TDS](https://towardsdatascience.com/submissions/)\n## Related Articles\n  * [![](../images/001.jpg)](https://towardsdatascience.com/creating-a-data-pipeline-with-spark-google-cloud-storage-and-big-query-a72ede294f4c/)\n## [Creating a Data Pipeline with Spark, Google Cloud Storage and Big Query](https://towardsdatascience.com/creating-a-data-pipeline-with-spark-google-cloud-storage-and-big-query-a72ede294f4c/)\n[Data Science](https://towardsdatascience.com/category/data-science/)\nOn-premise and cloud working together to deliver a data product\n[João Pedro](https://towardsdatascience.com/author/joaopedro214/)\nMarch 6, 20239 min read\n  * [![](../images/002.jpg)](https://towardsdatascience.com/becoming-a-self-taught-data-scientist-5563f546bb7b/)\n## [Becoming a Self-Taught Data 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It also helps in adverstising on the website.\n\n\n  * Cookie\nedgebucket\n  * Duration\nsession\n  * Description\nReddit sets this cookie to save the information about a log-on Reddit user, for the purpose of advertisement recommendations and updating the content.\n\n\n  * Cookie\ndid\n  * Duration\n1 year\n  * Description\nArbor sets this cookie to show targeted ads to site visitors.This cookie expires after 2 months or 1 year.\n\n\nUncategorised\nOther uncategorised cookies are those that are being analysed and have not been classified into a category as yet.\nNo cookies to display.\nReject All Save My Preferences Accept All\nToggle Search[](https://towardsdatascience.com/)Toggle Mobile Navigation\n[](https://towardsdatascience.com/)\nPublish AI, ML & data-science insights to a global community of data professionals.\nSign in[Submit an Article](https://write.insightmediagroup.io)\n[Latest](https://towardsdatascience.com/latest/)[Editor's Picks](https://towardsdatascience.com/tag/editors-pick/)[Newsletter](https://towardsdatascience.com/tag/the-variable/)[ShipAI](https://towardsdatascience.com/shipai/)\n* * *\n[Write For TDS](https://towardsdatascience.com/submissions/)\n[LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/company/towards-data-science/)[X](https://x.com/TDataScience)Toggle Search\n[Programming](https://towardsdatascience.com/category/programming/)\n# Java and Data Engineering\nJava Juggernaut: The key to data engineering mastery\n[Naser Tamimi](https://towardsdatascience.com/author/tamimi-naser/)\nNovember 11, 20235 min read\n### DATA ENGINEERING\n![Photo by Zhen H on Unsplash](https://assets.insightmediagroup.io/media/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/0pYJfW3cO4t-h2b3c-scaled.jpg)\nPhoto by [Zhen H](https://unsplash.com/@zhenh2424?utm_source=medium&utm_medium=referral) on [Unsplash](https://unsplash.com?utm_source=medium&utm_medium=referral)\nLearn this step by step with the interactive [Computer Science](https://roadmap.sh/computer-science) and [Data Engineer](https://roadmap.sh/data-engineer) roadmaps.\n## Data Engineering and Programming Skills\nWhen we think about data engineering, the first programming skills that usually come to mind are SQL and maybe Python. SQL is this well-known language for querying data, deeply ingrained in the world of data and pipelines. Python, on the other hand, has become quite powerful in data science and is now making its mark in the evolving field of data engineering. But, is this common belief accurate? Are SQL and Python really the most important programming skills for Data Engineers? In this article, I'll share my experiences on this topic, aiming to help young professionals figure out the best skills to make the most of their time and energy.\n## Why Java and Scala?\nIn today's data engineering, we handle a massive amount of data. The main job is figuring out how to gather, change, and store this huge load of data every day, hour, or even in real-time. What makes it trickier is making sure different data services can smoothly run on various systems without worrying about what's happening underneath.\nIn the last 15 years, smart folks have come up with distributed computing frameworks to deal with this data overload. Hadoop and Spark are two big names in this game. Because both these frameworks are mainly built using JVM (Java Virtual Machine) languages (Hadoop uses Java, and Spark uses Scala), many data and software experts believe that Java and Scala are the way forward in data engineering.\nMoreover, the ability of JVM applications to be portable makes them an excellent choice for data applications operating across diverse systems and environments. You can develop data pipelines that seamlessly run on various cloud and local setups, allowing you to scale your systems up or down without concerns about the underlying infrastructure.\n## How does a data pipeline look like in a JVM-based applications?\nNow that we've explored the benefits of Java and Scala, or more broadly, JVM-based data applications, in handling big data, the next logical question is: what do these applications, or simply data pipelines, look like? This section aims to provide an overview of the architecture of such applications.\nTo begin, it's essential to develop a data pipeline in Java or Scala. Typically, multiple related data pipelines can coexist within the same Java or Scala project. For effective project management, tools like Apache Maven can be employed. Maven simplifies the creation, management, and building of Java applications, making the process more efficient and reliable.\nIn these projects, a data pipeline often comprises one or more Java or Scala classes. Spark is commonly integrated into these classes for tasks such as reading (or extracting), transforming, and writing (or loading) data. While data can be read from and written to various sources, Hive tables are often the natural choices. Standard transformations are encapsulated in common classes, making them reusable across different pipelines.\nThis code shows a basic data pipeline in Spark Scala.\njava\n\n```\nimport org.apache.spark.sql.{SparkSession, DataFrame}\nimport org.apache.spark.sql.functions._\n\nclass MyExampleDataPipeline {\n\n  val spark: SparkSession = SparkSession.builder\n    .appName(\"DataFrame Transformation Example\")\n    .master(\"local[*]\")\n    .enableHiveSupport()\n    .getOrCreate()\n\n  def main(inputTableName: String, outputTableName: String): Unit = {\n    val inputDataFrame: DataFrame = spark.table(inputTableName)\n\n    val transformedDataFrame: DataFrame = inputDataFrame.SOME_TRANSFORMATIONS\n\n    transformedDataFrame.write.mode(\"overwrite\").format(\"parquet\").saveAsTable(outputTableName)\n  }\n}\n```\n\nUltimately, the goal is to build a Java application typically in the form of a jar file. This jar file, along with appropriate arguments, can be invoked using job and workflow management systems like Apache Airflow. This enables the execution of specific data pipelines at scheduled intervals, contributing to an organized and automated data processing workflow.\nHere's a simple example demonstrating how to execute a data pipeline, represented as a class, from the command line.\nbash\n\n```\nspark-submit --class MyExampleDataPipeline --master local[*] yourJarFile.jar your_input_hive_table_name your_output_hive_table_name\n```\n\n## More advanced practices\nAs previously mentioned, data pipelines, now encapsulated in jar files, typically require scheduled execution, especially for batch processing, or activation based on triggered events, commonly for real-time processing. Apache Airflow serves as a robust solution for orchestrating these jar files and task classes, facilitating the execution of jobs on a regular schedule. Alternatively, jar files can be triggered using tools like AWS Lambda for irregular schedules and real-time processing.\nThis is an example of an Apache Airflow DAG designed to execute a Java class daily.\npython\n\n```\nfrom datetime import datetime, timedelta\nfrom airflow import DAG\nfrom airflow.operators.bash_operator import BashOperator\nfrom airflow.operators.dummy_operator import DummyOperator\n\njar_file_path = \"/path/to/yourJarFile.jar\"\n\ninput_table_name = \"your_input_hive_table_name\"\noutput_table_name = \"your_output_hive_table_name\"\n\ndefault_args = {\n    'owner': 'airflow',\n    'start_date': datetime(2023, 1, 1),\n    'depends_on_past': False,\n    'retries': 1,\n    'retry_delay': timedelta(minutes=5),\n}\n\ndag = DAG(\n    'my_data_pipeline_dag',\n    default_args=default_args,\n    description='DAG to run the MyExampleDataPipeline class',\n    schedule_interval='@daily',  # Adjust the schedule as needed\n)\n\nstart_task = DummyOperator(task_id='start', dag=dag)\nend_task = DummyOperator(task_id='end', dag=dag)\n\nspark_submit_command = f\"spark-submit --class MyExampleDataPipeline --master local[*] {jar_file_path} {input_table_name} {output_table_name}\"\n\nrun_data_pipeline_task = BashOperator(\n    task_id='run_data_pipeline',\n    bash_command=spark_submit_command,\n    dag=dag,\n)\n\nstart_task >> run_data_pipeline_task >> end_task\n```\n\nMoreover, Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) tools, including Jenkins, GitHub Actions, Spinnaker, among others, offer a seamless way to develop and deploy pipelines across various environments from development to testing and production environments. This ensures a smooth and automated transition of pipelines throughout the development lifecycle.\n## At the end ...\nWe explored the evolving landscape of data engineering and the essential programming skills required in this field. While SQL and Python have traditionally been associated with data engineering, the focus is shifting towards Java and Scala, particularly in the context of handling massive amounts of data through distributed computing frameworks like Hadoop and Spark.\nAgain, we emphasized the importance of JVM (Java Virtual Machine) languages due to their portability, making them suitable for developing data applications that seamlessly run across diverse systems and environments. It delves into the architecture of JVM-based data applications, illustrating the development of data pipelines using Java or Scala, with Apache Maven aiding project management.\n## Register Now to Continue Reading\n### Unlock Towards Data Science with a Free Account\nAll articles on Towards Data Science are available to registered users. 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